What does the First Amendment protect?

The First Amendment of the United States Constitution is a fundamental component of the Bill of Rights that specifically protects several key freedoms essential to a democratic society. It safeguards the freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition. These protections ensure that individuals can express themselves without government interference, practice their religion freely, receive information from a free press, gather collectively, and petition the government to address grievances.

This broad spectrum of rights under the First Amendment is vital for fostering open dialogue and debate among citizens, which is a cornerstone of democracy. The ability to speak freely, access information, and gather peacefully empowers individuals and communities to participate actively in public life and hold the government accountable.

In contrast, the other choices represent rights protected by other amendments or laws. The right to bear arms is addressed by the Second Amendment, rights of the accused pertain to legal protections found primarily in the Fifth and Sixth Amendments, and the right to a fair trial is also guaranteed by the Sixth Amendment. Thus, the selection encapsulates the essential liberties outlined in the First Amendment itself.